5. PROVENANCE OF THE UPPER ALLOCHTHON
103
age of an Armorican metasediment in Central Germany. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters 249, 47
–
61.
Gerdes, A., Zeh, A., 2009.
Zircon formation versus zircon alteration
—
New insights from
combined U
–
Pb and Lu
–
Hf in-situ LA-ICP-MS analyses, and consequences for the in-
terpretation of Archean zircon from the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt. Chemical
Geology 261, 230
–
243.
Gil Ibarguchi, J.I., Ortega Gironés, E., 1985.
Petrology, structure and geotectonic implica-
tions of glaucophane-bearing eclogites and related rocks from the Malpica
—
Tuy
(MT) Unit, Galicia, northwest Spain. Chemical Geology 50, 145
–
162.
Gil Ibarguchi, J.I., Mendia, M., Girardeau, J., Peucat, J.J., 1990.
Petrology of eclogites and
clinopyroxene-garnet metabasites from the Cabo Ortegal Complex (northwestern
Spain). Lithos 25, 133
–
162.
GómezBarreiro,J.,MartínezCatalán,J.R.,Arenas,R.,Castiñeiras,P.,Abati,J.,DíazGarcía,F.,
Wijbrans, J.R., 2007.
Tectonic evolution of the upper allochthon of the Órdenes
complex (northwestern Iberian Massif): structural constraints to a polyorogenic
peri-Gondwanan terrane. In: Linnemann, U., Nance, R.D., Kraft, P., Zulauf, G. (Eds.),
The evolution of the Rheic Ocean: from Avalonian
–
Cadomian active margin to
Alleghenian
–
Variscan collision. Geological Society of America Special Paper 423,
pp. 315
–
332.
Gutiérrez-Alonso, G., Fernández-Suárez, J., Jeffries, T.E., Jenner, G.A., Tubrett, M.N., Cox, R.,
Jackson, S.E., 2003.
Terrane accretion and dispersal in the northern Gondwana
margin. An Early Paleozoic analogue of a long-lived active margin. Tectonophysics
365, 221
–
232.
Hamilton,P.J., O'Nions,R.K.,Bridgwater,D., Nutman, A., 1983.
Sm
–
Nd studiesof Archaean
metasediments and metavolcanics from West Greenland and their implications for
the Earth's early history. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 62, 263
–
272.
Hawkesworth, C.J., Dhuime, B., Pietranik, A.B., Cawood, P.A., Kemp, A.I.S., Storey, C.D.,
2010.
Thegeneration andevolution of thecontinentalcrust.Journal of theGeological
Society 167, 229
–
248.
Jacobsen, S.B., Wasserburg, G.J., 1980.
Sm
–
Nd isotopic evolution of chondrites. Earth and
Planetary Science Letters 50, 139
–
155.
Kemp, A.I.S., Wilde, S.A., Hawkesworth, C.J., Coath, C.D., Nemchin, A., Pidgeon, R.T.,
Vervoort, J.D., DuFrane, S.A., 2010.
Hadean crustal evolution revisited: new con-
straints from Pb
–
Hf isotope systematics of the Jack Hills zircons. Earth and Planetary
Science Letters 296, 45
–
56.
Kretz, R., 1983.
Symbols for rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist 68, 277
–
279.
Linnemann, U., McNaughton, N.J., Romer, R.L., Gehmlich, M., Drost, K., Tonk, C., 2004.
West African provenance for Saxo-Thuringia (Bohemian Massif): did Armorica ever
leave pre-Pangean Gondwana? U/Pb-SHRIMP zircon evidence and the Nd-isotopic
record. International Journal of Earth Sciences 93, 683
–
705.
Linnemann, U., Pereira, F., Jeffries, T.E., Drost, K., Gerdes, A., 2008.
The Cadomian Orogeny
and the opening of the Rheic Ocean: the diacrony of geotectonic processes
constrained by LA-ICP-MS U
–
Pb zircon dating (Ossa-Morena and Saxo-Thuringian
Zones, Iberian and Bohemian Massifs). Tectonophysics 461, 21
–
43.
Linnemann, U., Gerdes, A., Hofmann, M., Marko, L., 2014.
The Cadomian Orogen:
Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian crustal growth and orogenic zoning along the
periphery of the West African Craton
—
Constraints from U
–
Pb zircon ages and Hf
isotopes (Schwarzburg Antiform, Germany). Precambrian Research 244, 236
–
278.
López-Carmona,A., Abati,J., Pitra, P.,Lee, J.K.W., 2014.
Retrogressed lawsonite blueschists
from the NW Iberian Massif: P
–
T-t constraints from thermodynamic modelling and
Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 167.
Ludwig,K.R.,2012.
User'sManualforIsoplot3.75.AGeochonologicalToolkitforMicrosoft
ExcelBerkeley Geochronology Center Special, Publication No. 5, p. 75.
Lugmair, G.W., Marti, K., 1978.
Lunar initial
143
Nd/
144
Nd: differential evolution of the
lunar crust and mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 39, 349
–
357.
Lugmair, G.W., Shimamura, T., Lewis, R.S., Anders, E., 1983.
Sm-146 in the early solar-
system
—
Evidence from neodymium in the Allende meteorite. Science 222,
1015
–
1018.
Marcos, A., Marquínez, J., Pérez-Estaún, A., Pulgar, J.A., Bastida, F., 1984.
Nuevas
aportaciones al conocimiento de la evolución tectonometamór
fi
ca del Complejo de
Cabo Ortegal (NW de España). Cadernos Laboratorio Xeolóxico de Laxe 7, 125
–
137.
Martínez Catalán, J.R., 2011.
Are the oroclines of the Variscan belt related to late Variscan
strike-slip tectonics? Terra Nova 23, 241
–
247.
Martínez Catalán, J.R., Fernández-Suárez, J., Jenner, G.A., Belousova, E., Díez Montes, A.,
2004.
Provenance constraints from detrital zircon U
–
Pb ages in the NW Iberian Mas-
sif: implications for Palaeozoic plate con
fi
guration and Variscan evolution. Journal of
the Geological Society 161, 463
–
476.
MartínezCatalán, J.R.,Arenas, R.,Abati,J., Sánchez Martínez,S.,DíazGarcía,F., Fernández-
Suárez, J., González Cuadra, P., Castiñeiras, P., Gómez Barreiro, J., Díez Montes, A.,
González Clavijo, E., Rubio Pascual, F.J., Andonaegui, P., Jeffries, T.E., Alcock, J.E., Díez
Fernández, R., López Carmona, A., 2009.
A rootless suture and the loss of the roots
of a mountain chain: the Variscan belt of NW Iberia. Comptes Rendus Geoscience
341, 114
–
126.
McLennan, S.M., Hemming, S., 1992.
Samarium/neodymium elemental and isotopic sys-
tematics in sedimentary rocks. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56, 887
–
898.
Millonig, L.J., Gerdes, A., Groat, L.A., 2012.
U
–
Th
–
Pb geochronology of meta-carbonatites
and meta-alkalinerocks in the southern Canadian Cordillera: a geodynamic perspec-
tive. Lithos 152, 202
–
217.
Morag,N.,Avigad,D.,Gerdes,A.,Harlavan,Y.,2012.
1000
–
580Macrustal evolution inthe
northern Arabian
–
Nubian Shield revealed by U
–
Pb
–
Hf of detrital zircons from late
Neoproterozoic sediments (Elat area, Israel). Precambrian Research 208
–
211,
197
–
212.
O'Nions, R.K., Hamilton, P.J., Evensen, N.M., 1977.
Variations in
143
Nd/
144
Nd and
87
Sr/
86
Sr
in oceanic basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 34, 13
–
22.
Ordóñez Casado, B., Gebauer, D., Schafer, H.J., Gil Ibarguchi, J.I., Peucat, J.J., 2001.
A single
Devonian subduction event for the HP/HT metamorphism of the Cabo Ortegal com-
plex within the Iberian Massif. Tectonophysics 332, 359
–
385.
Peucat,J.J.,Bernard-Grif
fi
ths,J.,GilIbarguchi,J.I.,Dallmeyer,R.D.,Menot,R.P.,Cornichet,J.,
Ponce De León, M.I., 1990.
Geochemical and geochronological cross section of the
deep Variscan crust: the Cabo Ortegal high-pressure nappe (northwestern Spain).
Tectonophysics 177, 263
–
292.
Peucat, J.J., Capdevila, R., Drareni, A., Mahdjoub, Y., Kahoui, M., 2005.
The Eglab massif in
the West African Craton (Algeria), an original segment of the Eburnean orogenic
belt: petrology, geochemistry and geochronology. Precambrian Research 136,
309
–
352.
Potrel, A., Peucat, J.J., Fanning, C.M., 1998.
Archean crustal evolution of the West African
Craton: example of the Amsaga Area (Reguibat Rise). U
–
Pb and Sm
–
Nd evidence
for crustal growth and recycling. Precambrian Research 90, 107
–
117.
Rodríguez, J., Cosca, M.A., Gil Ibarguchi, J.I., Dallmeyer, R.D., 2003.
Strain partitioning and
preservation of
40
Ar/
39
Ar ages during Variscan exhumation of a subducted crust
(Malpica-Tui complex, NW Spain). Lithos 70, 111
–
139.
Rudnick, R.L.,Gao, S., 2003.
3.01
—
Composition ofthe continental crust. In: Holland,H.D.,
Turekian, K.K. (Eds.), Treatise on Geochemistry. Pergamon, Oxford, pp. 1
–
64.
Sánchez Martínez, S., Arenas, R., Díaz García, F., Martínez Catalán, J.R., Gómez-Barreiro, J.,
Pearce, J.A., 2007.
Careón ophiolite, NW Spain: suprasubduction zone setting for the
youngest Rheic Ocean
fl
oor. Geology 35, 53
–
56.
Sánchez Martínez, S., Arenas, R., Gerdes, A., Castiñeiras, P., Potrel, A., Fernández-Suárez, J.,
2011.
Isotope geochemistry and revised geochronology of the Purrido Ophiolite
(Cabo Ortegal Complex, NW Iberian Massif): Devonian magmatism with mixed
sources and involved Mesoproterozoic basement. Journal of the Geological Society
168, 733
–
750.
Sánchez Martínez, S., Gerdes, A., Arenas, R., Abati, J., 2012.
The Bazar Ophiolite of NW
Iberia: a relic of the Iapetus
–
Tornquist Ocean in the Variscan suture. Terra Nova 24,
283
–
294.
Scherer, E., Munker, C., Mezger, K., 2001.
Calibration of the lutetium
–
hafnium clock.
Science 293, 683
–
687.
Scho
fi
eld,D.I.,Horstwood,M.S.A.,Pit
fi
eld,P.E.J.,Gillespie,M.,Darbyshire,F.,O'Connor,E.A.,
Abdouloye,T.B.,2012.
U
–
PbdatingandSm
–
Ndisotopicanalysisofgraniticrocksfrom
the Tiris Complex: new constraints on key events in the evolution of the Reguibat
Shield, Mauritania. Precambrian Research 204
–
205, 1
–
11.
Shaw,J.,Gutiérrez-Alonso,G.,Johnston,S.T.,PastorGalán,D.,2014.
Provenancevariability
along the Early Ordovician north Gondwana margin: Paleogeographic and tectonic
implications of U
–
Pb detrital zircon ages from the ArmoricanQuartzite of the Iberian
Variscan belt. Geological Society of America Bulletin 126, 702
–
719.
Slama, J., Kosler, J., Condon,D.J., Crowley,J.L., Gerdes, A., Hanchar,J.M.,Horstwood,M.S.A.,
Morris, G.A., Nasdala, L., Norberg, N., Schaltegger, U., Schoene, B., Tubrett, M.N.,
Whitehouse, M.J., 2008.
Ple
š
ovice zircon
—
A new natural reference material for
U
–
Pb and Hf isotopic microanalysis. Chemical Geology 249, 1
–
35.
Soderlund,U., Patchett, J.P., Vervoort, J.D., Isachsen, C.E., 2004.
The Lu-176 decay constant
determined by Lu
–
Hf and U
–
Pb isotope systematics of Precambrian ma
fi
c intrusions.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters 219, 311
–
324.
Thomas,R.J.,Chevallier,L.P.,Gresse, P.G.,Harmer, R.E.,Eglington,B.M.,Armstrong, R.A.,de
Beer, C.H., Martini, J.E.J., de Kock, G.S., Macey, P.H., Ingram, B.A., 2002.
Precambrian
evolution of the Sirwa Window, Anti-Atlas Orogen, Morocco. Precambrian Research
118, 1
–
57.
Vermeesch, P., 2004.
How many grains are needed for a provenance study? Earth and
Planetary Science Letters 224, 441
–
451.
Vermeesch, P., 2012.
On the visualisation of detrital age distributions. Chemical Geology
312, 190
–
194.
Vogel, D.E., 1967.
Petrology of an eclogite- and pyrigarnite-bearing polymetamorphic
rock complex at Cabo Ortegal, NW Spain. Leidse Geol Mededelingen, pp. 121
–
213,
(Phd thesis).
Wiedenbeck,M.,Alle,P.,Corfu,F.,Grif
fi
n,W.L.,Meier,M.,Oberli,F.,Vonquadt,A.,Roddick,
J.C., Speigel, W., 1995.
3 natural zircon standards for U
–
Th
–
Pb, Lu
–
Hf, trace-element
and REE analyses. Geostandards Newsletter 19, 1
–
23.
Woodhead, J.D., Hergt, J.M., 2005.
A preliminary appraisal of seven natural zircon refer-
ence materials for in situ Hf isotope determination. Geostandards and Geoanalytical
Research 29, 183
–
195.
Zeh,A., Gerdes, A., 2012.
U
–
Pb andHfisotope recordofdetritalzirconsfrom gold-bearing
sediments of the Pietersburg Greenstone Belt (South Africa)
—
Is there a common
provenance with the Witwatersrand Basin? Precambrian Research 204, 46
–
56.
Zeh, A., Gerdes, A., Millonig, L., 2011.
Hafnium isotope record of the Ancient Gneiss Com-
plex, Swaziland, southern Africa: evidence for Archaean crust
–
mantle formation and
crust reworking between 3.66 and 2.73 Ga. Journal of the Geological Society 168,
953
–
963.
1448
R. Albert et al. / Gondwana Research 28 (2015) 1434
–
1448




